Video 1. The four-step TOL mechanism. Sodium channel over-expression, electric field activation, pump blockade, selective osmotic lysis.
The pulsed electric field, visualized.
How the coaxial-ring CPEFG device activates over-expressed voltage-gated sodium channels in advanced solid tumor cells. 18 V per m uniform field, 10 ms square-wave pulses, 15 ms interstimulus interval.
Video 2. The pulsed magnetic frequency component. Investigational mechanism under 21 CFR Part 312.
How digoxin affects sodium channels in cancer.
A cardiac glycoside in widespread clinical use for heart-rhythm disorders. Repurposed in TOL to inhibit the Na+/K+ ATPase pump that the cancer cell would use to expel sodium and recover osmotic equilibrium.
Video 3. Digoxin and the sodium channel in advanced cancers. Investigational mechanism under 21 CFR Part 312. Not a treatment recommendation. See regulatory.
Target the channel.
Advanced solid tumors over-express voltage-gated sodium channels at 10 to 50 times normal density. Healthy adult cells do not. That density gap is the therapeutic target.
Open the gate.
A coaxial-ring pulsed electric field device delivers a uniform 18 V per m, 10 ms square-wave field. The over-expressed sodium channels open. Sodium and water flood the cancer cell.
Block the pump.
The patient is pre-loaded with digoxin to a therapeutic steady-state serum level. Digoxin inhibits the Na+/K+ ATPase the cancer cell would use to recover. The cell cannot expel the sodium.
Rupture the cell.
Osmotic pressure exceeds the cancer cell membrane capacity. The cell ruptures. Normal cells, with sparse channels, recover. No chemotherapy. No radiation. No surgical resection required.